Devices & Process
器件与工艺
et al. (see paper)
arXiv:2605.22319 · 2026-05-21
Altermagnets get momentum-dependent spin splitting with zero net magnetization — interesting for spintronics in principle but hard to manipulate without conventional magnetic fields. The paper proposes a 2D alternating-ferrimagnet phase that keeps the altermagnetic spin texture but adds a small uncompensated moment plus a strain knob that flips the system between half-metallic and semiconductor states. First-principles calculations only, no fabricated device, but the design opens a route to electric/mechanical control of spin currents that was missing in pure altermagnets.
Altermagnet在零净磁矩下获得动量依赖的自旋劈裂,自旋电子学意义明确,但缺乏常规磁场以外的可操控手段。本文提出二维交替亚铁磁相,保留altermagnetic自旋纹理的同时引入小量未补偿磁矩,并通过应变开关实现半金属/半导体态切换。仅为第一性原理计算,无器件实现,但为'通过电学/力学控制自旋电流'打开了纯altermagnet中缺失的路径。
et al. (see paper)
arXiv:2605.22279 · 2026-05-21
GaN power-device and RF-device yield is bottlenecked by the early stages of epitaxial growth — once Ga coverage drifts away from the design point, you don't recover. The group runs four in-situ instruments simultaneously (RHEED, laser reflectometry, line-of-sight QMS, optical pyrometry) on the same growth, producing cross-validated kinetics across flux and temperature. The four-way correlation is the contribution: prior work used one or two instruments and reported curves that didn't always match between groups. Useful as a closed-loop control signal for production MOCVD/MBE tools.
GaN功率器件与射频器件的良率受限于外延生长早期阶段——一旦Ga覆盖率偏离设计点,后续无法找回。作者在同一次生长中同时运行四种原位仪器(RHEED、激光反射、视线QMS、光学高温计),给出在通量与温度上交叉验证的动力学数据。'四仪同步'本身是贡献:此前工作仅用一两台仪器,曲线常在不同组之间不一致。对量产MOCVD/MBE设备的闭环控制具有直接参考价值。
AI Research (hardware-relevant)
AI研究(与硬件相关)
et al. (see paper)
arXiv:2605.21312 · 2026-05-20
Existing LLM-serving simulators were built when prefill-decode was the model — monolithic replicas, uniform requests. Production serving now mixes disaggregated execution, complex parallelism, stateful agentic workloads, and RL rollouts; the old simulators give the wrong answer for those designs. Frontier rebuilds the abstraction stack: per-component models for prefill nodes, decode nodes, KV-cache stores, with explicit latency/throughput/contention modeling. Useful for planning hardware deployments before committing capex.
现有LLM服务仿真器构建于'prefill-decode为模型'的时代——单体副本、均质请求。生产环境的服务现已混合解耦执行、复杂并行、有状态agentic负载与RL rollouts;旧仿真器在这些设计上给出错误答案。Frontier重建抽象栈:为prefill节点、decode节点、KV缓存存储提供分组件模型,并显式建模延迟/吞吐/竞争。在资本承诺前规划硬件部署时具有实用价值。
NVIDIA
NVIDIA
arXiv:2605.21187 · 2026-05-20
Distributed training across hundreds of thousands of GPUs has made the network the design constraint — and conventional scale-out Ethernet was not built for the determinism that AllReduce demands. Spectrum-X uses a multiplane architecture that replaces flow-level ECMP with per-packet load balancing while keeping in-order delivery semantics from the application's perspective. It's a vendor paper, so weight the numbers accordingly, but the architectural argument — 'AI fabrics need deterministic latency, not best-effort bandwidth' — is the through-line of the year for hyperscale networking.
在数十万GPU上的分布式训练已使网络成为设计约束——传统scale-out以太网并非为AllReduce所需的确定性而构建。Spectrum-X采用多平面架构,将流级ECMP替换为逐包负载均衡,同时在应用视角下保持顺序交付语义。这是厂商论文,数字需打折扣;但其架构主张——'AI网络需要确定性延迟,而非尽力而为的带宽'——是本年度超大规模网络的主旋律。
et al. (see paper)
arXiv:2605.20706 · 2026-05-20
Running an LLM in the browser is a privacy-and-portability story that has been technically marginal — WebGPU drivers vary wildly across hardware, and memory budgets are tight. LlamaWeb is a WebGPU backend for llama.cpp that handles multiple precisions (FP16/INT8/INT4) with a single performance-portable code path and an explicit memory budget. The interest isn't 'LLMs in browsers' — that's a known goal — but the demonstration that the runtime layer can paper over WebGPU's heterogeneity cleanly enough to make it production-relevant.
在浏览器中运行LLM对隐私与可移植性意义重大,但技术上长期处于边缘——不同硬件下WebGPU驱动差异极大、内存预算紧张。LlamaWeb是llama.cpp的WebGPU后端,以单一性能可移植代码路径处理多种精度(FP16/INT8/INT4),并显式管理内存预算。意义不在'浏览器跑LLM'(这是早就有的目标),而在于运行时层能足够干净地抹平WebGPU的硬件异构性,使其进入生产相关范围。